Diarrhoea
Diarrhoeal disease, which can be acute or chronic.
In addition to the progressive form, diarrhoea can also be classified according to the origin of the disease. We distinguish:
- osmotic diarrhoea: osmotic diarrhoea is characterized by insufficient absorption of effective substances from the intestinal lumen. It may indicate a maldigestion or malabsorption syndrome - e.g. celiac disease - or an intake of substances that are difficult to absorb. Celiac disease, also popularly known as sprue, is an intolerance of the small intestine to gluten, a cereal protein made from rye, wheat, barley, oats and spelt. This disease causes symptoms such as diarrhoea, bloating, nausea, weight loss, anaemia, vitamin and protein deficiency. In childhood, a disturbed function of the small intestine resulting from celiac disease can lead to malnutrition and thus to growth and development disorders. Diarrhoea stops when no more food is consumed
- Secretory diarrhoea: Secretory diarrhoea increases the secretion of electrolytes and water into the intestinal lumen. It is almost always caused by bacterial toxins, for example. Escherichia coli.
- Chological diarrhoea: Chological diarrhoea is caused by an increase in the permeability of the intestinal mucosa due to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - colon carcinoma, ulcerative colitis, or the passage of unabsorbed bile acids into the large intestine. This causes an increased inflow of electrolytes there.
Causes of diarrhea
Depending on the severity and general physical condition of the person affected, diarrhoea can become a serious problem: The loss of fluids and electrolytes can be particularly severe for elderly or weakened persons or even very young children. If necessary, not only liquid and nutrient salts, but also medication must be supplied.
- Digestive disorders
- Microorganisms
- Food intolerances
- Malignant tumours
- Laxatives
- Psychological factors