Translations:Immunsystem/3/en

All living beings - whether animals, plants or humans - therefore have protective functions. Even simple organisms possess such a defence mechanism, the so-called innate immune defence; it originated very early in the tribal history of living beings and has remained largely unchanged ever since. The vertebrates also developed a complex, adaptable, so-called adaptive immune defence that protects them even more effectively against pathogens. The plant defence against pathogens is based on completely different mechanisms.