Bile congestion; either as extrahepatic cholestasis with bile backflow in the large extrahepatic or intrahepatic (portal) bile ducts as a result of obstruction of drainage or as intrahepatic cholestasis, i.e. as congestion in the - intralobular - bile ducts (primarily as a result of metabolic disturbance of the liver cell with change in its directional permeability or secondary as backflow phenomenon). In the case of hepatocellular excretion disorders, this leads to an increase in certain enzymes in the blood and to an increased increase in bile acids in the blood.