Lysis

In biology and medicine, lysis refers to the disintegration of a cell through damage to or dissolution of the outer cell membrane. This occurs in principle in all conceivable tissue damage with cell death, but is of particular importance in the following situations: Within the framework of so-called programmed cell death, physiological, hormonally mediated and genetically controlled apoptosis, e.g. during growth, maturation and tissue differentiation, the lysis of old, superfluous or obstructive cells in the tissue composite finally occurs. For example, the healthy immune system uses special T lymphocytes, so-called cytotoxic killer cells, to ensure that degenerate tumour cells or viruses or parasite-containing host cells that are recognised as infected are lysed and rapidly degraded. However, the undisturbed replication cycle of many viruses, the infection cycle, also ends with the lytic bursting of the cell membrane of the host cell, but then without preferential degradation of the remains: This is the only way that the virus particles matured in the cell are released into the environment.In medical jargon, lysis also stands for thrombolysis, which is usually a drug therapy for blood clots. It is often used in emergency medicine when there is suspicion of a heart attack that is only a few hours old, or in pulmonary embolism, and also in the case of a fresh, confirmed non-bleeding stroke. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyse_(Biology)