Mikrozirkulation/en: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

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describes the blood movement in the capillaries. Determining factors: the functional organization of this area (haemodynamics), flow properties, changes in the clearing width, the arteriolovenous pressure gradient as the driving force, the transmural (through an organ wall) pressure as well as permeability and mass transfer mechanisms.

Perfusion is actively modified by the smooth muscles of the small arteries (arterioles, which in turn are influenced by local metabolic, nervous and hormonal mechanisms as well as ions) in terms of adapting the driving pressure gradient and transmural pressure to local needs. Here also a part of the blood plasma water (possibly also parts of the plasma proteins) escapes through the capillary endothelia into the interstitium, in order to leave it again, after perfusion or diffusion, at the venous part of the capillaries and through lymph capillaries.

The movement of the erythrocytes takes place passively under the influence of the plasma flow and under elastic deformation (armor chain rotation of the membrane); the less flexible nucleus-containing blood cells (lympho- and leukocytes), on the other hand, can cause the local blood flow to be reduced. Slow down blood flow; carried thrombocytes - if not clumping - do not cause any significant flow obstruction. Functional acceleration of microcirculation manifests itself in hyperemia (increased blood volume). Disturbances of microcirculation result from a marked reduction in blood pressure (e.g. in shock), narrowing and displacement of the small arteries and capillaries (e.g. arterial occlusive disease, microembolia, venous backwater (thrombosis), increased blood viscosity.

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrozirkulation _{(Wikipedia CC-by-sa-3.0)}

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-bezeichnet die Blutbewegung in den [[Kapillare|Kapillaren]]. Bestimmende Faktoren: die funktionelle Organisation dieses Bereiches ([[Hämodynamisch|Hämodynamik]]), Strömungseigenschaften, Lichtungsweitenveränderungen, der arteriolovenöse Druckgradient als treibende Kraft, der [[Transmural|transmurale]] (durch eine Organwand) Druck sowie die [[Permeabilität]] und Stoffaustauschmechanismen.
+describes the blood movement in the [[Kapillare/en|capillaries]]. Determining factors: the functional organization of this area ([[haemodynamic|haemodynamics]]), flow properties, changes in the clearing width, the arteriolovenous pressure gradient as the driving force, the [[Transmural/en|transmural]] (through an organ wall) pressure as well as [[Permeabilität/en|permeability]] and mass transfer mechanisms.
-Die Perfusion (Durchströmung) wird aktiv modifiziert durch die glatten Muskeln der kleinen Arterien ([[Arteriolen]], welche ihrerseits durch örtliche metabolische, nervöse und hormonelle Mechanismen sowie Ionen beeinflusst werden) i.S. der Anpassung des treibenden Druckgradienten und des transmuralen Drucks an die örtl. Bedürfnisse. Hier tritt auch ein Teil des Blut Plasmawassers (evtl. auch Teile der [[Plasmaproteine]]) durch die Kapillarendothelien in das [[Interstitium]] aus, um es, nach Perfusion bzw. [[Diffusion]], am venösen Teil der Kapillaren und durch Lymphkapillaren wieder zu verlassen.
+Perfusion is actively modified by the smooth muscles of the small arteries ([[Arteriolen/en|arterioles]], which in turn are influenced by local metabolic, nervous and hormonal mechanisms as well as ions) in terms of adapting the driving pressure gradient and transmural pressure to local needs. Here also a part of the blood plasma water (possibly also parts of the [[Plasmaproteine/en|plasma proteins]]) escapes through the capillary endothelia into the [[Interstitium/en|interstitium]], in order to leave it again, after perfusion or [[Diffusion/en|diffusion]], at the venous part of the capillaries and through lymph capillaries.
-Die Bewegung der [[Erythrozyt|Erythrozyten]] erfolgt hier unter Einfluss der Plasmaströmung passiv und unter elastischer Verformung (Panzerkettenrotation der Membran); die weniger flexiblen kernhaltigen Blutzellen ([[Lymphozyten|Lympho-]] und [[Leukozyten]]) können dagegen die örtl. Blutströmung verlangsamen; mitgeführte [[Thrombozyten]] bewirken - wenn nicht verklumpend - keine nennenswerte Strömungsbehinderung. Funktionelle Beschleunigung der Mikrozirkulation äussert sich in Hyperämie (vermehrte Blutfülle). Störungen der Mikrozirkulation ergeben sich bei ausgeprägter Blutdruckminderung (z.B. bei Schock), bei Einengung und Verlegung der kleinen Arterien und Kapillaren (z.B. arterielle Verschlusskrankheit, Mikroembolien, venösem Rückstau ([[Thrombose]]), vermehrter [[Blutviskosität]].
+The movement of the [[erythrocytes| erythrocytes]] takes place passively under the influence of the plasma flow and under elastic deformation (armor chain rotation of the membrane); the less flexible nucleus-containing blood cells ([[Lymphozyten/en|lympho-]] and [[Leukozyten/en|leukocytes]]), on the other hand, can cause the local blood flow to be reduced. Slow down blood flow; carried [[Thrombozyten/en|thrombocytes]] - if not clumping - do not cause any significant flow obstruction. Functional acceleration of microcirculation manifests itself in hyperemia (increased blood volume). Disturbances of microcirculation result from a marked reduction in blood pressure (e.g. in shock), narrowing and displacement of the small arteries and capillaries (e.g. arterial occlusive disease, microembolia, venous backwater ([[Thrombose/en|thrombosis]]), increased [[Blutviskosität/en|blood viscosity]].
 https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrozirkulation <sub>([http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lizenzbestimmungen_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported Wikipedia CC-by-sa-3.0])</sub>